However, when a wind turbine is located in a high-latitude region with low temperatures and high humidity, icing occurs on the blade surface and changes its aerodynamic profile, mass distribution, and surface roughness, which shortens the life span of the blade and degrades the power generation efficiency of the wind turbine. Wind energy is a kind of renewable energy that is widely used all over the world. Icing on some machinery with airfoil structures, such as wind turbines, fixed-wing airplanes, and helicopter rotors, will result in reductions in performance and safety. The growth rate of icing increases rapidly at the initial icing stage and then decreases dramatically under each tip speed ratio condition. The dimensionless icing area and dimensionless thickness of the ice layer both increase with an increase in the icing time. The results show that the type of icing changes from rime ice to glaze ice with an increase in the tip speed ratio. The characteristics of icing, including icing distribution, growth rate of icing, and thickness of the ice layer, were defined and quantitatively analyzed under different tip speed ratios and setting angles.
Then, an icing experiment on the rotating blade with the NACA0018 airfoil was carried out. The experimental temperature was -15☌, and the MVD was 50 μm. The calibration results showed that the performance of this icing wind tunnel was reliable and stable. First, an icing wind tunnel was fabricated, and its conditional parameters were calibrated. To determine the process of icing on the rotating machinery, an icing experiment on a rotating airfoil blade was carried out in this paper.
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